js css实现垂直方向自适应的三角提示菜单

这是一个比较简单实用的菜单，最重要的是他不需要引用jQuery库。菜单在垂直方向上能做到自适应，当主菜单靠近顶部，子菜单将会在下面，当主菜单靠近底部，子菜单在上面。运用Modernizr的触摸检测功能，我们可以让子菜单的响应在pc上是hover，而在触摸设备上是点击。例子中还示范了如何在宽度比较窄的情况下如何调整布局。

html代码

<ul id="cbp-tm-menu" class="cbp-tm-menu">
  <li>
    <a href="#">Home</a>
  </li>
  <li>
    <a href="#">Veggie made</a>
    <ul class="cbp-tm-submenu">
      <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-archive">Sorrel desert</a></li>
      <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-cog">Raisin kakadu</a></li>
      <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-location">Plum salsify</a></li>
      <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-users">Bok choy celtuce</a></li>
      <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-earth">Onion endive</a></li>
      <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-location">Bitterleaf</a></li>
      <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-mobile">Sea lettuce</a></li>
    </ul>
  </li>
  <li>
    <a href="#">Pepper tatsoi</a>
    <ul class="cbp-tm-submenu">
      <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-archive">Brussels sprout</a></li>
      <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-cog">Kakadu lemon</a></li>
      <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-link">Juice green</a></li>
      <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-users">Wine fruit</a></li>
      <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-earth">Garlic mint</a></li>
      <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-location">Zucchini garnish</a></li>
      <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-mobile">Sea lettuce</a></li>
    </ul>
  </li>
  <li>
    <a href="#">Sweet melon</a>
    <ul class="cbp-tm-submenu">
      <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-screen">Sorrel desert</a></li>
      <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-mail">Raisin kakadu</a></li>
      <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-contract">Plum salsify</a></li>
      <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-pencil">Bok choy celtuce</a></li>
      <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-article">Onion endive</a></li>
      <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-clock">Bitterleaf</a></li>
    </ul>
  </li>
</ul>

css代码

/* Iconfont made with icomoon.com */
@font-face {
  font-family: 'cbp-tmicons';
  src:url('../fonts/tmicons/cbp-tmicons.eot');
  src:url('../fonts/tmicons/cbp-tmicons.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),
    url('../fonts/tmicons/cbp-tmicons.woff') format('woff'),
    url('../fonts/tmicons/cbp-tmicons.ttf') format('truetype'),
    url('../fonts/tmicons/cbp-tmicons.svg#cbp-tmicons') format('svg');
  font-weight: normal;
  font-style: normal;
}
                                                                                  
/* reset list style */
.cbp-tm-menu,
.cbp-tm-menu ul {
  list-style: none;
}
                                                                                  
/* set menu position; change here to set to relative or float, etc. */
.cbp-tm-menu {
  display: block;
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 1000;
  bottom: 0;
  width: 100%;
  background: #47a3da;
  text-align: right;
  padding: 0 2em;
  margin: 0;
  text-transform: capitalize;
}
                                                                                  
/* first level menu items */
.cbp-tm-menu > li {
  display: inline-block;
  margin: 0 2.6em;
  position: relative;
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-menu > li > a {
  line-height: 4em;
  padding: 0 0.3em;
  font-size: 1.2em;
  display: block;
  color: #fff;
}
                                                                                  
.no-touch .cbp-tm-menu > li > a:hover,
.no-touch .cbp-tm-menu > li > a:active {
  color: #02639d;
}
                                                                                  
/* sumbenu with transitions */
.cbp-tm-submenu {
  position: absolute;
  display: block;
  visibility: hidden;
  opacity: 0;
  padding: 0;
  text-align: left;
  pointer-events: none;
  -webkit-transition: visibility 0s, opacity 0s;
  -moz-transition: visibility 0s, opacity 0s;
  transition: visibility 0s, opacity 0s;
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-show .cbp-tm-submenu {
  width: 16em;
  left: 50%;
  margin: 0 0 0 -8em;
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
  pointer-events: auto;
  -webkit-transition: visibility 0s, opacity 0.3s;
  -moz-transition: visibility 0s, opacity 0.3s;
  transition: visibility 0s, opacity 0.3s;
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-show-above .cbp-tm-submenu {
  bottom: 100%;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-show-below .cbp-tm-submenu {
  top: 100%;
  padding-top: 10px;
}
                                                                                  
/* extreme cases: not enough space on the sides */
.cbp-tm-nospace-right .cbp-tm-submenu {
  right: 0;
  left: auto;
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-nospace-left .cbp-tm-submenu {
  left: 0;
}
                                                                                  
/* last menu item has to fit on the screen */
.cbp-tm-menu > li:last-child .cbp-tm-submenu {
  right: 0;
}
                                                                                  
/*
arrow: depending on where the menu will be shown, we set
the right position for the arrow
*/
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-submenu:after {
  border: solid transparent;
  content: " ";
  height: 0;
  width: 0;
  position: absolute;
  pointer-events: none;
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-show-above .cbp-tm-submenu:after {
  top: 100%;
  margin-top: -10px;
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-show-below .cbp-tm-submenu:after {
  bottom: 100%;
  margin-bottom: -10px;
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-submenu:after {
  border-color: transparent;
  border-width: 16px;
  margin-left: -16px;
  left: 50%;
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-show-above .cbp-tm-submenu:after {
  border-top-color: #fff;
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-show-below .cbp-tm-submenu:after {
  border-bottom-color: #fff;
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-submenu > li {
  display: block;
  background: #fff;
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-submenu > li > a {
  padding: 5px 2.3em 5px 0.6em; /* top/bottom paddings in 'em' cause a tiny "jump" in Chrome on Win */
  display: block;
  font-size: 1.2em;
  position: relative;
  color: #47a3da;
  border: 4px solid #fff;
  -webkit-transition: all 0.2s;
  -moz-transition: all 0.2s;
  transition: all 0.2s;
}
                                                                                  
.no-touch .cbp-tm-submenu > li > a:hover,
.no-touch .cbp-tm-submenu > li > a:active {
  color: #fff;
  background: #47a3da;
}
                                                                                  
/* the icons (main level menu icon and sublevel icons) */
.cbp-tm-submenu li a:before,
.cbp-tm-menu > li > a:before {
  font-family: 'cbp-tmicons';
  speak: none;
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: normal;
  font-variant: normal;
  text-transform: none;
  line-height: 1;
  vertical-align: middle;
  margin-right: 0.6em;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-submenu li a:before {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  margin-top: -0.5em;
  right: 0.5em;
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-menu > li > a:not(:only-child):before {
  content: "\f0c9";
  font-size: 60%;
  opacity: 0.3;
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-icon-archive:before {
  content: "\e002";
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-icon-cog:before {
  content: "\e003";
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-icon-users:before {
  content: "\e004";
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-icon-earth:before {
  content: "\e005";
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-icon-location:before {
  content: "\e006";
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-icon-mobile:before {
  content: "\e007";
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-icon-screen:before {
  content: "\e008";
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-icon-mail:before {
  content: "\e009";
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-icon-contract:before {
  content: "\e00a";
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-icon-pencil:before {
  content: "\e00b";
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-icon-article:before {
  content: "\e00c";
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-icon-clock:before {
  content: "\e00d";
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-icon-videos:before {
  content: "\e00e";
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-icon-pictures:before {
  content: "\e00f";
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-icon-link:before {
  content: "\e010";
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-icon-refresh:before {
  content: "\e011";
}
                                                                                  
.cbp-tm-icon-help:before {
  content: "\e012";
}
                                                                                  
/* Media Queries */
@media screen and (max-width: 55.6875em) {
  .cbp-tm-menu {
    font-size: 80%;
  }
}
                                                                                  
@media screen and (max-height: 25.25em), screen and (max-width: 44.3125em) {
                                                                                  
  .cbp-tm-menu {
    font-size: 100%;
    position: relative;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 0;
    top: auto;
  }
                                                                                  
  .cbp-tm-menu > li {
    display: block;
    margin: 0;
    border-bottom: 4px solid #3793ca;
  }
                                                                                  
  .cbp-tm-menu > li:first-child {
    border-top: 4px solid #3793ca;
  }
                                                                                  
  li.cbp-tm-show > a,
  .no-touch .cbp-tm-menu > li > a:hover,
  .no-touch .cbp-tm-menu > li > a:active {
    color: #fff;
    background: #02639d;
  }
                                                                                  
  .cbp-tm-submenu {
    position: relative;
    display: none;
    width: 100%;
  }
                                                                                  
  .cbp-tm-submenu > li {
    padding: 0;
  }
                                                                                  
  .cbp-tm-submenu > li > a {
    padding: 0.6em 2.3em 0.6em 0.6em;
    border: none;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #6fbbe9;
  }
                                                                                  
  .cbp-tm-submenu:after {
    display: none;
  }
                                                                                  
  .cbp-tm-menu .cbp-tm-show .cbp-tm-submenu {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    left: 0;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    bottom: auto;
    top: auto;
  }
                                                                                    
}

javascript代码

/**
 * cbpTooltipMenu.js v1.0.0
 * http://www.codrops.com
 *
 * Licensed under the MIT license.
 * http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 *
 * Copyright 2013, Codrops
 * http://www.codrops.com
 */
;( function( window ) {
                                                                                 
  'use strict';
                                                                               
  var document = window.document,
    docElem = document.documentElement;
                                                                               
  function extend( a, b ) {
    for( var key in b ) {
      if( b.hasOwnProperty( key ) ) {
        a[key] = b[key];
      }
    }
    return a;
  }
                                                                               
  // from https://github.com/ryanve/response.js/blob/master/response.js
  function getViewportH() {
    var client = docElem['clientHeight'],
      inner = window['innerHeight'];
    if( client < inner )
      return inner;
    else
      return client;
  }
                                                                               
  // http://stackoverflow.com/a/11396681/989439
  function getOffset( el ) {
    return el.getBoundingClientRect();
  }
                                                                               
  // http://snipplr.com/view.php?codeview&id=5259
  function isMouseLeaveOrEnter(e, handler) {
    if (e.type != 'mouseout' && e.type != 'mouseover') return false;
    var reltg = e.relatedTarget ? e.relatedTarget :
    e.type == 'mouseout' ? e.toElement : e.fromElement;
    while (reltg && reltg != handler) reltg = reltg.parentNode;
    return (reltg != handler);
  }
                                                                               
  function cbpTooltipMenu( el, options ) { 
    this.el = el;
    this.options = extend( this.defaults, options );
    this._init();
  }
                                                                               
  cbpTooltipMenu.prototype = {
    defaults : {
      // add a timeout to avoid the menu to open instantly
      delayMenu : 100
    },
    _init : function() {
      this.touch = Modernizr.touch;
      this.menuItems = document.querySelectorAll( '#' + this.el.id + ' > li' );
      this._initEvents();
    },
    _initEvents : function() {
                                                                                     
      var self = this;
                                                                               
      Array.prototype.slice.call( this.menuItems ).forEach( function( el, i ) {
        var trigger = el.querySelector( 'a' );
        if( self.touch ) {
          trigger.addEventListener( 'click', function( ev ) { self._handleClick( this, ev ); } );
        }
        else {
          trigger.addEventListener( 'click', function( ev ) {
            if( this.parentNode.querySelector( 'ul.cbp-tm-submenu' ) ) {
              ev.preventDefault();
            }
          } );
          el.addEventListener( 'mouseover', function(ev) { if( isMouseLeaveOrEnter( ev, this ) ) self._openMenu( this ); } );
          el.addEventListener( 'mouseout', function(ev) { if( isMouseLeaveOrEnter( ev, this ) ) self._closeMenu( this ); } );
        }
      } );
                                                                               
    },
    _openMenu : function( el ) {
                                                                               
      var self = this;
      clearTimeout( this.omtimeout );
      this.omtimeout = setTimeout( function() {
        var submenu = el.querySelector( 'ul.cbp-tm-submenu' );
                                                                               
        if( submenu ) {
          el.className = 'cbp-tm-show';
          if( self._positionMenu( el ) === 'top' ) {
            el.className += ' cbp-tm-show-above';
          }
          else {
            el.className += ' cbp-tm-show-below';
          }
        }
      }, this.touch ? 0 : this.options.delayMenu );
                                                                               
    },
    _closeMenu : function( el ) {
                                                                                     
      clearTimeout( this.omtimeout );
                                                                               
      var submenu = el.querySelector( 'ul.cbp-tm-submenu' );
                                                                               
      if( submenu ) {
        // based on https://github.com/desandro/classie/blob/master/classie.js
        el.className = el.className.replace(new RegExp("(^|\\s+)" + "cbp-tm-show" + "(\\s+|$)"), ' ');
        el.className = el.className.replace(new RegExp("(^|\\s+)" + "cbp-tm-show-below" + "(\\s+|$)"), ' ');
        el.className = el.className.replace(new RegExp("(^|\\s+)" + "cbp-tm-show-above" + "(\\s+|$)"), ' ');
      }
                                                                               
    },
    _handleClick : function( el, ev ) {
      var item = el.parentNode,
        items = Array.prototype.slice.call( this.menuItems ),
        submenu = item.querySelector( 'ul.cbp-tm-submenu' )
                                                                               
      // first close any opened one..
      if( this.current && items.indexOf( item ) !== this.current ) {
        this._closeMenu( this.el.children[ this.current ] );
        this.el.children[ this.current ].querySelector( 'ul.cbp-tm-submenu' ).setAttribute( 'data-open', 'false' );
      }
                                                                               
      if( submenu ) {
        ev.preventDefault();
                                                                               
        var isOpen = submenu.getAttribute( 'data-open' );
                                                                               
        if( isOpen === 'true' ) {
          this._closeMenu( item );
          submenu.setAttribute( 'data-open', 'false' );
        }
        else {
          this._openMenu( item );
          this.current = items.indexOf( item );
          submenu.setAttribute( 'data-open', 'true' );
        }
      }
                                                                               
    },
    _positionMenu : function( el ) {
      // checking where's more space left in the viewport: above or below the element
      var vH = getViewportH(),
        ot = getOffset(el),
        spaceUp = ot.top ,
        spaceDown = vH - spaceUp - el.offsetHeight;
                                                                                     
      return ( spaceDown <= spaceUp ? 'top' : 'bottom' );
    }
  }
                                                                               
  // add to global namespace
  window.cbpTooltipMenu = cbpTooltipMenu;
                                                                               
} )( window );

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。