再谈php中empty与isset区别详解

$sep = "<br />";

echo 'test undeclared var empty : ';
var_dump(empty($var)); // TRUE
echo $sep . 'test undeclared var isset : ';
var_dump(isset($var)); // FALSE

$var;
echo $sep . 'test declared var but no set value empty : ';
var_dump(empty($var)); // TRUE
echo $sep . 'test declared var but no set value isset : ';
var_dump(isset($var)); // FALSE, 变量申明未赋值，默认值为NULL

$var = NULL;
echo $sep . 'test declared var and set value NULL empty : ';
var_dump(empty($var)); // TRUE
echo $sep . 'test declared var and set value NULL isset : ';
var_dump(isset($var)); // FALSE, 变量申明赋值为NULL

$var1 = ''; $var2 = '0'; $var3 = 0; $var4 = FALSE; $var5 = array();

echo $sep . 'test '' empty : ';
var_dump(empty($var1)); // TRUE
echo $sep . 'test '0' empty : ';
var_dump(empty($var2)); // TRUE
echo $sep . 'test 0 empty : ';
var_dump(empty($var3)); // TRUE
echo $sep . 'test FALSE empty : ';
var_dump(empty($var4)); // TRUE
echo $sep . 'test array() empty : ';
var_dump(empty($var5)); // TRUE
echo $sep . 'test '', '0', 0, FALSE, array() isset : ';
var_dump(isset($var1, $var2, $var3, $var4, $var5)); // TRUE,  变量申明并赋值为空字符串

test undeclared var empty : bool(true)
test undeclared var isset : bool(false)
test declared var but no set value empty : bool(true)
test declared var but no set value isset : bool(false)
test declared var and set value NULL empty : bool(true)
test declared var and set value NULL isset : bool(false)
test '' empty : bool(true)
test '0' empty : bool(true)
test 0 empty : bool(true)
test FALSE empty : bool(true)
test array() empty : bool(true)
test '', '0', 0, FALSE, array() isset : bool(true)

 $id=0;
    empty($id)?print "It's empty .":print "It's $id .";
      //结果：It's empty .
    print "<br>";
    !isset($id)?print "It's empty .":print "It's $id .";
      //结果：It's 0 .

if(empty($id)) $id=1; - 若 id=0 ，id 也会为1
if(!isset($id)) $id=1; - 若 id=0 ，id 不会为1

 if(empty($id)) $id=1;
    print $id; // 得到 1

    if(!isset($id)) $id=1;
    print $id; //得到 0

<?php
$str1 = 'Azxc1234';//true
$str2 = '123#Axy';//false
if (ctype_alnum($string)) {
    echo "This string totally works";
}
else {
    echo "And this one not so much";
}

<?php
$integer = 42;
ctype_digit($integer);         // false
ctype_digit((string)$integer); // true

$arr = array(
    array('id' => 1, 'name' => 'name1'),
    array('id' => 2, 'name' => 'name2'),
);

foreach ($arr as $obj) {
    $obj['id'] = $obj['id'];
    $obj['name'] = $obj['name'] . '-modify';
}

print_r($arr); //输出的结果
Array(
    [0] => Array (
        [id] => 1
        [name] => name1
    )
    [1] => Array(
        [id] => 2
        [name] => name2
    )
)

foreach ($arr as &$obj) {
    $obj['id'] = $obj['id'];
    $obj['name'] = $obj['name'] . '-modify';
}

$arr = array(
    (object)(array('id' => 1, 'name' => 'name1')),
    (object)(array('id' => 2, 'name' => 'name2')),
);

foreach ($arr as $obj) {
    $obj->name = $obj->name  . '-modify';
}

print_r($arr); //输出的结果

Array
(
    [0] => stdClass Object
        (
            [id] => 1
            [name] => name1-modify
        )

    [1] => stdClass Object
        (
            [id] => 2
            [name] => name2-modify
        )

)

<?php
// fix 404 pages:
header('HTTP/1.1 200 OK');

// set 404 header:
header('HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found');

// set Moved Permanently header ('good for redrictions')
// use with location header
header('HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently');

// redirect to a new location:
header('Location: http://www.111cn.net/');

// redrict with delay:
header('Refresh: 10; url=http://www.111cn.net/');
//print You will be redirected in 10 seconds;

// you could also use the HTML syntax:// <meta http-equiv="refresh" content="10;http://www.111cn.net/ />

// override X-Powered-By: PHP:
header('X-Powered-By: PHP/4.4.0');
header('X-Powered-By: Brain/0.6b');

// content language ('en = English')
header('Content-language: en');

// last modified ('good for caching')
$time = time('') – 60; // or filemtime('$fn'), etc
header('Last-Modified: .gmdate("D, d M Y H:i:s, ' . $time . '"). GMT');

// header for telling the browser that the content
// did not get changed
header('HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified');

// set content length ('good for caching'):
header('Content-Length: 1234');

// Headers for an download:
header('Content-Type: application/octet-stream');
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="example.zip"');
header('Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary');

// load the file to send:readfile('example.zip');
// Disable caching of the current document:
header('Cache-Control: no-cache, no-store, max-age=0, must-revalidate');
header('Expires: Mon, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT');
// Date in the pastheader('Pragma: no-cache');

// plain text file
header('Content-Type: image/jpeg');

// JPG picture
header('Content-Type: application/zip');

// ZIP file
header('Content-Type: application/pdf');

// PDF file
header('Content-Type: audio/mpeg');

// Audio MPEG ('MP3,…') file
header('Content-Type: application/x-shockwave-flash');

// Flash animation// show sign in box
header('HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized');
header('WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="Top Secret"');
//print Text that will be displayed if the user hits cancel or ;
//print enters wrong login data;

// set content type:
header('Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1');
header('Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8');
header('Content-Type: text/plain');

php页面为utf编码
header("Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8");

php页面为gbk编码
header("Content-type: text/html; charset=gb2312");

php页面为big5编码
header("Content-type: text/html; charset=big5");

Header( "HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently" ) ;
Header( "Location: www.111cn.net" );

    //直接打开一个本地文件的实例代码  
    <?php  
    //假若我们本地的文件是一个名为xmlas.txt的文本  
    $filedemo = "xmlas.txt";  
    $fpdemo = fopen($filedemo,"r");  
    if ($fpdemo){  
     while(!feof($fpdemo)){  
      //1000读取的字符数  
      $datademo = fread($fpdemo, 1000);  
     }  
     fclose($fpdemo);  
    }  
    echo $datademo;  
    ?> 

    <?php  
    echo file_get_contents("xmlas.txt");  
    //此时输出的内容便为xmlas.txt中的内容：  
    //现在的电影越来越没激情，想要全部高潮请看日本爱情动作片！  
    ?> 

/**
 *用fopen写入文件
 *@param string $filename
 *@param string $contents
 *@return boolean
 */
 
 function wirte($filename,&$contents)
 {
  $fp=fopen($filename,"wb");
  if($fp)
  {
   flock($fp,LOCK_EX);//同一时间锁定文件，只能一个人操作
   fwrite($fp,$contents);
   flock($fp,LOCK_UN);//保存数据握进行解锁文件并保存
   fclose($fp);
   return true;
  }else
  {
   return false;
  }
 }

If(!file_exists("$root/order.txt")){echo ‘文件不存在’;}